Analysis of the effect of histone H3K56Q point mutation on acetic acid resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Abstract

The continuous development of petroleum resources makes mankind face two major challenges: resource depletion and environmental pollution. As a new renewable resource, energy fuels have broad prospects for development. The production of fuel ethanol can be achieved by utilizing lignocellulose in agricultural and forestry waste, thereby improving waste utilization and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the preferred strains for producing fuel ethanol. Its high sugar content, high ethanol tolerance, and high ethanol fermentation performance make it an ideal microorganism for producing fuel ethanol. However, the complex chemical structure of lignocellulose determines that it cannot be directly used as a raw material for ethanol fermentation, and can only be used by microorganisms after being degraded into small molecule monosaccharides. In addition to producing fermentable monosaccharides, lignocellulose also produces small molecule compounds such as acetic acid, furfural, and phenolic substances during the degradation process. Among them, acetic acid, as one of the main small molecule inhibitors of lignocellulose hydrolysis, can escape the cell membrane through passive transport, inhibit the physiological metabolism of organisms, and cause oxidative damage to cells. Histone is one of the main protein components of chromatin, and its free Nterminal lysine and serine residues can be modified in many ways, among which methylation and acetylation are the most common. Histone modification can affect gene expression directly or indirectly. In this experiment, we performed a point mutation on lysine (H3K56Q) at the 56th position in histone H3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Glutamine residue can simulate the acetylation state of lysine, so as to detect the effect of H3K56 simulated acetylation state on acetic acid tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The experimental results showed that H3K56 simulated acetylation reduced the xylose metabolism performance of brewing yeast. The object of the work is brewing yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The subject of the work is influence of 56th position in histone H3 mutation on lysine to xylose metabolism of brewing yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The aim of the work is to investigate the role of H3K56 simulated acetylation to xylose metabolism performance of brewing yeast. The tasks of the work is to provide 56th position in histone H3 mutation on lysine and study the influence of this mutation to xylose metabolism performance of brewing yeast.