Molecular cloning of ribosomal DNA and biological characterization of the ultrastructure of a wild-type Ganoderma lucidum

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum is a precious traditional Chinese medicinal material with a long history in China. The confirmed effects of Ganoderma lucidum through research include anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, weight loss, depression improvement, and antibacterial properties, among others. It has broad prospects for development. However, at present, the development of wild Ganoderma lucidum is not sufficient. There are very few wild Ganoderma lucidum that have been studied and utilized in China, and the collection of wild Ganoderma lucidum is difficult to achieve on a large scale. Therefore, artificial cultivation is the inevitable way to ensure the development of the Ganoderma lucidum industry. Now, the total genomic DNA of a wild Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body collected from Luoshan Scenic Area, Yantai in the eastern part of Shandong Province was extracted using the total fungal DNA extraction kit. The rDNA ITS regional sequence was obtained through PCR amplification, and the obtained sequences were subjected to homology comparison analysis. Molecular identification was conducted through GenBank database search and phylogenetic tree construction. An evolutionary tree was constructed using ITS sequence analysis to conduct moleculal-level species studies on it and determine ITS species developmental and evolutionary relationships. The results showed that the collected wild fungi belonged to the Ganoderma genus fungi of the Basidiomycetes class, Polyporaceae family, Binucleate subkingdom. "Luoshan Ganoderma lucidum" has a relatively close kinship with Ganoderma lucidum MW and Ganoderma lucidum MW. Meanwhile, the fruiting bodies were characterized by ultrastructural biology through scanning electron microscopy technology, and the corresponding appearance structure identification maps were established morphologically, providing a research basis for the development and utilization of local wild Ganoderma lucidum resources, with the expectation of providing basic scientific data for the artificial cultivation and utilization of fungal resources.