Sectoral disparities in digital transformation: a comparative analysis of Ukraine’s economic sectors using a composite index approa

Abstract

Digital transformation is a key driver of economic modernization, yet its progress remains uneven across sectors, particularly in emerging economies like Ukraine. This study develops a composite Digital Transformation Index to assess and compare the level of digitalization across nine major economic sectors in Ukraine, including ICT, Finance, Healthcare, Education, Agriculture, and others. The index integrates four core dimensions: digital infrastructure and access, human capital and skills, technology adoption and integration, and digital innovation and investment. Results reveal pronounced sectoral disparities, with ICT and Finance exhibiting high levels of digital maturity, while Agriculture, Construction, and traditional manufacturing lag significantly. A radar chart and sectoral score visualization illustrate the multidimensional nature of these gaps. Additionally, the study explores urban–rural differences in digital development across selected sectors, highlighting territorial inequalities that compound sectoral digital divides. The findings offer critical insights for policymakers aiming to foster inclusive digital transformation by targeting investment, skills development, and innovation support where it is most needed.