Analysis of Cold Resistance of Different Wheat Varieties and Cloning of Cold Resistance Genes

Abstract

Wheat is widely planted in China, and its production is very important for the sustainable supply of grain in China. In the north of China, the lowest temperature in winter can reach -44.3℃, and cold in spring often occurs. With the continuous increase of extreme climate, the ecological conditions are getting worse, and cold has become one of the main factors restricting the development of wheat. In order to reduce the harm of abiotic stress to wheat industry, besides improving environmental conditions, a more effective method is to explore key genes through genetic engineering breeding and improve the adaptability of plants to adversity. The cold adaptation of wheat is realized by activating a group of cold response genes to encode cryoprotective proteins that protect cells from cold-induced damage. Currently, there is increasing evidence that CBF and the ICE1 transcriptional cascade pathway play important roles in regulating freezing resistance in plants. In this study, several wheat varieties with different cold resistance were selected for cold and chilling resistance experiments, and two varieties with different cold resistance were screened out (Tai 113 and C8178). Then follow-up experiments were conducted, mainly using RT-PCR to analyze the expression of some pairs of common cold-resistant genes at the transcriptional level, and the screened cold-resistant genes (CS4A02G433200 and CSIA02G137500) were cloned to provide genetic resources for cold-resistant breeding in wheat.